The Congressional Research Service, a nonpartisan agency that provides support to Congress, has described such places as having adopted "don't ask, don't tell policies" in which city employees - including police personnel - are not required to report illegal immigrants to federal authorities.

He asked the research service to compile a list of the cities and calculate the amount of federal taxpayer dollars each receives. More than 100 cities have forbidden their police from asking someone's immigration status or providing information on illegal immigration to the federal government. They include Philadelphia, New York, San Diego, San Francisco, Chicago, Baltimore, New Orleans and New Haven, Conn.

In some cases, mayors have said they do not want police spending their time on a federal matter - illegal immigration - when other crimes are more important. In others, mayors have backed the desire of large Latino populations who do not want relatives ensnared in immigration raids.

“Elected officials of local municipalities cannot pick and choose the federal laws they enforce," Barletta's statement said.

As the mayor of the small Pennsylvania community of Hazleton, Barletta pushed for passage of a local immigration ordinance that sparked the kind of controversy that Arizona set off last year, when Gov. Jan Brewer signed a law that made being in the state illegally a crime.

The Hazleton law, called the Illegal Immigration Relief Act, called for punishing employers who hired undocumented immigrants by revoking their business license for five years.

It also imposed fines of $1,000 a day on landlords who rented to undocumented tenants, and declared English the city’s official language.

Federal courts declared the law unconstitutional. Parts of Arizona’s law have been blocked by the courts. Many municipalities across the country — with frustration over federal inaction over illegal immigration mounting — had closely followed the fate of Hazleton's law when trying to decide whether to push for their own immigration ordinance.

Barletta and other officials of Hazleton said at the time that the federal government had failed to address illegal immigration, and left local officials little choice but to tackle the matter themselves.

Barletta is launching his campaign against illegal immigration in a House of Representatives receptive to his views. Republicans now control the House, and the Judiciary Committee, which oversees immigration, includes members such as Reps. Lamar Smith, R-Texas, and Steve King, R-Iowa, among the most hawkish officials in Congress on the issue of immigration.

Opponents, however, said the act violated people's rights. The American Civil Liberties Union, or ACLU, and others challenged the law in U.S. District Court in Scranton, where a judge ruled the act was unconstitutional. The city appealed the decision in Third Circuit Court in Philadelphia, but the ruling there also went against Hazleton.

"They have to make a final decision," he said.

The court will decide whether it will hear the case, or it can send it back to the Third Circuit Court. Yannuzzi expects the decision will come "any day now." If the decision is not in Hazleton's favor, Yannuzzi said he hopes donations will roll in to the city's legal defense fund so it can continue to pursue the matter.